Why specific learning disabilities and not just learning disability? The term specific learning disability is the actual language used in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. The term learning disability is used differently in various countries. For example, in Great Britain, it is common to hear learning disability used to describe learning disorders in a generic way. Yes, the term specific learning disability is a bit clumsy, but the intention was to differentiate this group of specific disorders that typically center on one or more skills and not generalized learning problems.
Learning disabilities are usually noticed when children struggle with learning in their school years. Parents and preschool teachers often see early signs of specific learning disabilities. Children with specific learning disabilities may have difficulty learning basic skills in reading or understanding reading. Difficulty writing, math, or language may also signal specific learning disabilities. Some students with specific learning disabilities may easily learn basic skills but have difficulty applying skills in problem solving or higher level school work.
Living with specific learning disabilities can be a painful struggle for both the parents and the child. In many cases, parents are relieved to find an answer when children are diagnosed with these disabilities. The diagnosis is sometimes reassuring because it leads to additional support in school through specially trained teachers and special education programs. Students with learning disabilities will also have individual education programs developed to address their needs.
Specific learning disabilities are supported with specially designed instruction based on each child's unique strengths, weaknesses, learning styles,
and the impact of his specific learning disability.Current regulations under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act indicate that specific learning disabilities exist when a student's ability to learn is average or higher, but his skills in one or more academic areas are significantly weaker. This way of diagnosing is typically referred to as the "aptitude achievement discrepancy" method.
In the diagnosis of learning disabilities, the discrepancy is usually determined through assessment to determine the child's intelligence quotient, or IQ score, and his achievement test scores in specific academic areas of reading, math, and written language. Specific learning disabilities also include disorders of language processing, listening comprehension, and oral expression.
A complete review of the student's educational history is conducted to rule out other possible explanations for the difference in skill development and IQ before a disability is diagnosed.
Early detection and intervention for learning disabilities are critical. If you suspect your child has a learning problem, find out how to recognize common signs of LDs.
Heredity - Are Specific Learning Disabilities Biological?
True learning disabilities (LDs) are believed to be organic disabilities resulting from neurological processing problems that cause difficulty with learning and applying skills in one or more academic areas. Evidence suggests that a child's chances of having a specific learning disability increase when parents or other relatives also have learning disabilities. This suggests that heredity may play a role in some cases. However, there are other possible causes of LDs that can be prevented in some cases.
Characteristics of Specific Learning Disabled Students
Despite their difficulty in certain skill areas, specific learning disabled students are usually of average or higher intelligence. Some students with learning disabilities are also gifted.
What are the Types of Specific Learning Disabilities?
Learning disabilities can occur in reading, writing, math, and language. Learn more about the various types.
How Are Learning Disabilities Diagnosed?
Read about the assessment and diagnostic process used in public schools to identify these disorders.Do You Suspect a Specific Learning Disability?
If you suspect your child may have a learning disability, learn where to get help:- Learn the early signs of learning disabilities in young children.
- Learn about the symptoms of learning disabilities in older children.
- Learn about your rights as a parent under the individuals with disabilities education act.
- Learn how to make a referral for assessment for your child.
What to do if You Suspect a Learning Disability
If you suspect your school-aged child has a learning disability, contact your child's teacher, school counselor, or the school principal to discuss your concerns.
The school staff can answer general questions and explain the referral process for evaluation and discuss interventions that may help your child. Learn about the diagnostic process for specific learning disabilities.
Once your child is diagnosed, the school will assist you with the development of an Individualized Education Program (IEP) and choosing an appropriate program to meet her needs.
